G-30 Report Group of 30 Report.

gains trading Selective realization of gains to manipulate book value earnings.

gamma The Greek factor sensitivities measuring a portfolio's second order (quadratic) sensitivity to the value of an underlier.

GAN Grant anticipation note.

gap analysis A technique of asset-liability management used to assess interest rate risk or liquidity risk.

GARCH Generalized ARCH.

Garman and Kohlhager (1983) option pricing formula A formula for pricing European options on currencies.

GARP Global Association of Risk Professionals.

GARP scandal Scandal that rocked the risk management profession in 2001-2002.

Gaussian white noise An independent white noise with joint normal terms.

general obligation bond A municipal bond backed by the general taxing authority of the issuer.

Generalized ARCH A generalization of the autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity model.

geometric random walk A discrete stochastic process whose log returns are independent and identically normally distributed.

geometric return Log return.

Gilded Age The period in American history following the Civil War during which industry grew rapidly.

Ginnie Mae Official name for what was previously the Government National Mortgage Association.

Glass-Steagal Act The United States 1933 Banking Act that separated commercial and investment banking and formed the FDIC.

Global Association of Risk Professionals Controversial organization that claims to represent the risk management community.

global bond A bond that is simultaneously issued as a foreign bond and a Eurobond.

global macro strategy An investment or trading strategy of taking net long or short positions simultaneously in multiple markets around the world.

global remapping A type of function remapping.

Golden Age (Dutch) A period during the 1600s when Dutch art, social tolerance and commerce flourished.

government sponsored enterprise Any private corporation chartered by the US Federal Government and granted privileges to advance specific purposes.

gradient In calculus, a vector of partial derivatives.

gradient approximation In multivariate calculus, an approximation for a function constructed from its gradient.

gradient-Hessian approximation In multivariate calculus, an approximation for a function constructed from its gradient and Hessian.

Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of1999 The Financial Services Modernization Act.

Granite Fund A hedge fund that failed in 1994.

grant anticipation note A type of municipal security.

Greeks A set of factor sensitivities used for measuring risk exposures related to options or other derivatives.

gross return Simple return plus 1.

Group of 30 Report An influential 1993 industry report on OTC derivatives.

Guldimann, Till Pioneered RiskMetrics.